REFERENCES AND QUOTES Philosophy 2021 Relieve the white burden and get involved in economics - References and quotes THINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER Addiction is a “quick and dirty solution to the symptom of the problem, which prevents or distracts one from the harder and longer-term task of solving the real problem”. 133 Addiction to oil, addiction to aid. Confronting addiction. 134 I THE EMPATHIC CIVILIZATION: THE RACE TO GLOBAL CONSCIOUSNESS IN A WORLD IN CRISISEntropic bill of rich vs poor. 508 “The bottom line is this: Half of the human race is using up more of the Earths’s fossil-fuel energy and natural resources than is necessary for a comfortable life and is becoming increasingly unhappy with each increment of additional wealth. The other half of the human race is digging its way out of poverty and becoming happier as it approaches a minimal level of comfort. But there isn’t a enough oil and other fossil fuels – or uranium for nuclear power – to keep the wealthy in a luxurious lifestyle or elevate there billion poor people to a comfortable lifestyle” 510 I ENERGY AND ECONOMIC MYTHS stop poverty 377-378 I Sustainability economics: Where do we stand? the massive increase in natural resource consumption and its impossibility, fig 6 287 I THE ENTROPY LAW AND THE ECONOMIC PROCESS IN RETROSPECT Economic growth is not working as a poverty solution because of ecological and functional reason, trickle down fallacy See Sustainability economics: Where do we stand?287 , https://psmag.com/economics/trickle-down-economics-is-indeed-a-joke 12 I BEYOND GROWTH “This primacy of nature’s value added (low entropy) leads to Georgescu-Roegen’s view that ‘every time we produce a Cadillac we irrevocably destroy and amount of low entropy that could otherwise be used for producing a plow or a spade. In other words, every time we produce a Cadillac, we do it at the cost of decreasing the number of human lives in the future.” Same for intragenerational poverty. “Growth cannot forever substitute for redistribution and population control in fighting poverty.” Cannot have USA as a vision for worldwide generalization. A new development model for the whole world “would emphasize population control, limits to inequality in distribution, and production for suffiency in basic needs.” 196 I PROSPERITY WITHOUT GROWTH “no simple magic formula which translates high income into good health Or low income into bad health. On the other hand, of course, persistent extreme poverty over long periods of time has a devastating effect on health.” 103 I ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS – PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS sustainable scale and just distribution 12 Economic growth only extends the timeframe to solve inequality and poverty. Neoclassical economy just don’t care. 13 I ARBETSSAMHÄLLET – HUR ARBETET ÖVERLEVDE TEKNOLOGIN poverty is not a natural consequence of poor harvests, natural disaster or to little work but a consequence of the structures of society and power 86 I MYTEN OM MASKINEN: ESSÄER OM MAKT; MODERNITET OCH MILJÖ Money is a relation, a way to regulate claims. Exchange value is inversely proportional to exergy content means See DOUGHNUT ECONOMICS: SEVEN WAYS TO THINK LIKE A 21ST-CENTURY ECONOMIST, Tony Greenham https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a2KgrpFRHJI Money and law of entropy crashes. 61 The idea of fair price conceals that unused exergy is traded for used exergy which means unequal trad. Industry dependent on flow of resources, falling resource prices and debt. 62 Inherent limitations in the industrial world order. Economic crises will perhaps make us more sensitive to other economic perspectives 63 Biosphers consists of differences; cells, organisms, societies, ecosystems. See THINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER, MEASURING REGENERATIVE ECONOMICS: 10 PRINCIPLES AND MEASURES UNDERGIRDING SYSTEMIC ECONOMIC HEALTH on hierarchies. Hierarchies of values. Exchange values shouldn’t equal a data center in the North with staple foods in the South. Sphere economies. 65 Can ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS – PRINCIPLES AND APPLICATIONS as an ideological platform help the poor? 120 The transition to the use of exosomatic energy made it easier to shift the cost to the poor 122 Triangular trade and how the liberation from endosomatic energy allowed a new form of exploitation of areal resources. More poor people now than ever. 123 Prigogine and dissipative structrures. The costs of industrial metropolis are 1. Acquisition of negative entropy from somewhere else 2. Shift of entropy to somewhere else. “Such a perspective is important because it could help us to explain increasing inequality in technological development and economic growth between different sectors of national and international economies” See THINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on “Success to the successful” 138 Uneven trade is portrayed as fair as it exist an innate moral conception of what is fair. These cultural manipulations functions as a cognitive process to ease the tensions between reality and ideal. See ARBETSSAMHÄLLET – HUR ARBETET ÖVERLEVDE TEKNOLOGIN on relative deprivation 160 Rail road as saving time and space for one social category at the expense of another. 161 Von Thünen, Cuzco and modern transportation of perishable goods. 162 Power to make claims on the resources of other human beings can be based in the oyster shells or money fetishism. 162, 163 Poverty and technological development are two sides of the same coin as time and spatial resources are limited. “Från gudaföda till maskinfetishems förblir de ekonomiska systems landskap möblerade med våra egenhändigt tillverkade synvillor”. 164 Georgescu-Roegen, economic process and the growth of technosphere made possible by a selfreinforcing unequal exchange. See THINKING IN SYSTEMS – A PRIMER on Success to the successful 173 The technosphere exchange of exergy for entropy is unlike other dissipative structure in the universe in that it is based on a social relation, an uneven price relation. It is the exploitation of someone’s environment/nature, a shift of the consumption of resources 174 World trade statistics, uneven trade and international debt 192 I DOUGHNUT ECONOMICS: SEVEN WAYS TO THINK LIKE A 21ST-CENTURY ECONOMIST Basic income to the poor, an access to markets 164 Global inequalities. Classic, tax the rich! – global taxes 167 I COLONIALISM IN THE ANTROPOCENE: THE POLITICAL ECOLOGY OF THE MONEY-ENERGY-TECHNOLOGY COMPLEX “Building on Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen’s insight that economic processes enhancing utility simultaneously increase entropy, I have inferred that exchange values and productive potential must be inversely correlated, and that the accumulation of technological infrastructure therefore signifies the joint operation of thermodynamics and imperialism. The principles of thermodynamics clearly derive from nature, while the strategies of imperialism derive from society. However, mainstream economists are convinced that their accounts of growth and technological progress have no use for thermodynamics. In their worldview, nature is irrelevant for the constitution of society.” 10 “Neoclassical economic theory is an ideology originally developed in colonial Britain to justify and morally neutralize the exploitation of its extractive periphery. In its modern, neoliberal guise, it has championed ‘globalization’ as a modern euphemism for imperialism.” 12 “Monetary value is not an essence but a cultural veil obscuring material asymmetries by representing unequal exchange as reciprocal. Money cannot compensate for entropy.” 14 “Money cannot neutralize ecological damage in a physical sense. Monetary compensation for environmental damage can reduce contemporary grievances, but it is illusory to believe that ‘correct’ reparations could be calculated, or that they would somehow set things straight. The ecological debt of Britain, for instance, is as incalculable as its debt to the descendants of West African slaves. To raise the price of energy and raw materials, as Bunker suggested, would undoubtedly reduce the current magnitude of ecologically unequal trade (and the accumulation of technological infrastructure) in the world, but it would not make trade equal. Like the notion of making ‘correct’ recompense for past asymmetries, pricing resources high enough to neutralize the damage caused by their extraction would be tantamount to shutting down industrial capitalism.” 15 I GLOBAL PATTERNS OF ECOLOGICALLY UNEQUAL EXCHANGE: IMPLICATIONS FOR SUSTAINABILITY IN THE 21ST CENTURY I AID IN REVERSE HOW POOR COUNTRIES DEVELOP RICH COUNTRIES I A LETTER TO STEVEN PINKER (AND BILL GATES, FOR THAT MATTER) ABOUT GLOBAL POVERTY - JASON HICKEL I IMPERIALIST APPROPRIATION IN THE WORLD ECONOMY: DRAIN FROM THE GLOBAL SOUTH THROUGH UNEQUAL EXCHANGE, 1990–2015 - JASON HICKEL, CHRISTIAN DORNINGER, HANSPETER WIELAND, INTAN SUWANDI To encouragement Next encouragement